k@ta: a biannual publication on the study of language and literature is a refereed journal published twice a year in June and December by the English Department, Faculty of Humanities and Creative Industries, Petra Christian University, Surabaya, Indonesia. k@ta has been indexed by international databases including the DOAJ, EBSCO, Index Copernicus, ASEAN Citation Index, BASE, WorldCat, Dimensions, Mendeley, CrossRef, and Google Scholar. It currently holds a SINTA 2 ranking from the Indonesian Ministry of Research and Higher Education.

Volume 24, Number 1 of k@ta Journal features five articles written or co-written by nine scholars based in three countries—Indonesia, Iran, and Malaysia—representing five different institutions. We extend our gratitude to our authors for sharing their research. Furthermore, we appreciate our reviewers, whose detailed assessments help to refine and perfect the articles published in this volume.